Man kan bedømme antallet af varroamider i en bifamilie ved at sætte en indskudsbakke ind under bifamiliens rammer. Denne indsskudsbakke bør have et gitter over sig, således at bierne ikke kan fjerne varroamiderne.
Som en del af den sikre strategi er det vigtigt at holde øje med, hvor hårdt angrebet en bifamilie er af varroa. Man moniterer for varroamider. Vi har i foreningen afprøvet mange metoder, som alle kan anvendes, men vi vurderer at nedfaldsmetoden er både nemmest og hurtigst. Derfor er nedfaldsmetoden den metode, der beskrives mest detaljeret i dette temahæfte.
Man kan bedømme antallet af varroamider i en bifamilie ved at sætte en indskudsbakke ind under bifamiliens rammer. Der bør være et gitter over indskudsbakken, således at bierne ikke kan fjerne varroamiderne. Indskudsbakken lader man ligge i f.eks. en uge i uge 25. Herefter tælles (skønnes) antallet af mider i indskudsbakken. Herudfra kan man beregne det daglige midenedfald. Hvis man ganger det daglige midenedfald med 120, får man en tilnærmelsesvis ide om, hvor mange mider der befinder sig i bifamilien. Jo mindre yngel der er i bifamilien jo flere mider vil der falde ned og derfor er 120-faktoren kun en indikation.
Gennem tiderne har der været angivet mange skadetærskelværdier, som har været med til at skabe forvirring. Falder der mere end 8 mider ned i dagligt nedfald, skal bifamilien behandles straks! Vores praktiske erfaringer gennem årene viser, at holder man nedfaldet på under 1 mide pr. døgn, kører man på den absolut sikre side. Vær opmærksom på, at bifamilier i samme bigård kan have meget forskellige angrebsgrader.
Et problem med nedfaldstællinger er at myrer, ørentviste og vind kan fjerne mider fra indskudsbakkerne. Derfor kan det være en god ide f.eks. at smøre lidt madolie på bakkerne.
Nedfald ved behandling
Ved sommerbehandlingen med myresyre bør der ikke falde mere end 1.000 mider ned ved behandlingen. Falder der flere ned, bør der hurtigst muligt laves en ny myresyrebehandling eller i november måned en tidlig oxalsyredrypning (dvs. en oxalsyredrypning mens der er yngel i bifamilien).
Under oxalsyrebehandlingen i december, bør man også tælle midenedfaldet. Falder der over 200 mider ned, kan det være nødvendigt med en tidlig forårsbehandling.
Målet med varroabekæmpelsen er at indvintre bifamilier med højst 50-75 mider. Allerhelst færre!
Der findes i dag andre moniteringsmetoder, såsom flormelismetoden, CO2-metoden og vaskemetoden. Flormelis- og CO2-metoden er anvendelige i praktisk biavl, mens vaskemetoden er beregnet til mere videnskabeligt arbejde. Vaskemetoden har også et større tidsforbrug.
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